Saturday, January 21, 2012

Irreligiosity - Just Be Good for Goodness Sake

Fom today's edition of the Owen Sound Sun Times:

What is your beef with Christ, Christians and Christianity anyway? This question came up at a humanist meeting I attended last week. My response was that my biggest problem with Christianity (and religion in general) is that it amounts to a waste of time. Defenders of religion will quickly object by pointing out all of the good works which are carried out in the name of their faiths. The late Christopher Hitchens dismissed this objection when he wrote:

Nine times out of ten, in debate with a cleric, one will be told not of some dogma of religious certitude but of some instance of charitable or humanitarian work undertaken by a religious person. Of course, this says nothing about the belief system involved: it may be true that Louis Farrakhan’s Nation of Islam succeeds in weaning young black men off narcotics, but this would not alter the fact that [it] is a racist crackpot organization. . . . My own response has been to issue a challenge: name me an ethical statement made or an action performed by a believer that could not have been made or performed by a non-believer. As yet, I have had no takers. (Whereas, oddly enough, if you ask an audience to name a wicked statement or action directly attributable to religious faith, nobody has any difficulty in finding an example.)” - Introduction to The Portable Atheist: Essential Readings for the Nonbeliever (De Capo Press, 2007).

Another humanist attending our meeting referred to the famous observation by physicist Steven Weinberg: "With or without [religion] you'd have good people doing good things and evil people doing evil things. But for good people to do evil things, it takes religion.” Of course, religion is not the only social phenomenon which can accomplish this. Look no further than the insane jingoistic rhetoric spewing out of candidates for the U.S. Republican presidential nomination. The sad part is that much of this rhetoric is cloaked in religiosity. Current front-runner Mitt Romney provided this gem of a quote on October 6, 2011: “God did not create this country to be a nation of followers … America is not destined to be one of several equally balanced global powers”. At least Romney can take credit for leaving an atheist like me muttering “Sweet Jesus …”.

It is taken as a given that a public announcement of non-belief in God would render a U.S. presidential candidate unelectable. On the other hand, it was considered perfectly appropriate for former President George W. Bush to suggest that God literally told him to invade Afghanistan and Iraq (source: The Guardian). One is left wondering how long Bush would have been left in charge of the nuclear launch codes if he described speaking to Zeus instead of the moral majority’s chosen Lord and Savior.

I am often asked by people why I bother to write this column. The answer is simply because the truth matters. It matters whether the miracles described in the Bible occurred and whether they will occur in the future. It matters whether prayer works or if it’s nothing but a waste of time. It matters whether diseases are caused by demonic forces or natural pathogens. It matters whether our purpose on earth is dictated by a deity or whether it is up to us (and only us) to define that purpose. It matters whether worshipping the idea of a human sacrifice is beneficial to society or not. It matters whether we need a god to be good or not. Wouldn’t you be concerned if your neighbor was more likely to steal if they didn’t think that someone was looking over their shoulders? In fact, one can define morality as that which motivates us to do the right thing when nobody is watching and we have no fear of being punished if we choose to do wrong. If anyone gives this issue serious consideration, they will realize that we don’t want people to be good because they have to be good. We all want people to “Just be good for goodness sake” - this is my favorite humanist slogan.

For those interested in learning more about humanism, the Grey Bruce Humanist Association meets monthly to discuss topics relating to the betterment of humanity without the supernatural. Information can be found on the GBHA’s website at: http://www.greybrucehumanists.org/.

Note - Special thanks to Luke Muehlhauser (creator and host of the podcast Conversations from the Pale Blue Dot) for his riff which inspired the "because the truth matters" paragraph in the above column.

13 comments:

  1. Great post. I also write about religion in two different venues for the same reason - the truth matters. I've really enjoyed reading some of your posts. Thanks for writing them.

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  2. Hi TAM,

    I once came across a guy (care of Eli Horowitz's blog, Rust Belt Philosophy) who argued that without a belief in God the only thing that stopped him from raping his girlfriend (and getting away with it) was the law. I'm not sure if he'd thought his argument through, as it was meant to be a hypothetical.

    I told him if he didn't respect his girlfriend enough to not to want to rape her, he didn't deserve a girlfriend. As I said, I don't think he really appreciated the consequences of his own argument - perhaps his girlfriend could have pointed it out to him.

    This is particularly relevant to your second last paragraph - the idea that we only do good if we believe some wrathful God is watching over us. I think the idea of God as a reward and punishment father-figure in a hypothetical afterlife is well past its used-by date.

    It just occurred to me that a guy with that attitude probably shouldn’t have kids anyway.

    Regards, Paul.

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  3. Hell, fire and brimstone is meant for you heretics! lol I don't believe in God but I fail to see why good religious people are being criticized about the reasons why they are good. Who cares what the motivations are if the results are the same. I guess if you're looking on morals from a Kantian point of view then their intentions matter, but even then who says that's a good way to look at morality.

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  4. The amusing thing about atheists is that after telling me there is no God to tell us what to do, that THEY then turn around and...try to tell me what to do.

    And it gets even funnier when they talk about "truth".

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  5. Emanuel, I subscribe to a correspondence theory of truth (i.e. truth is what corresponds to ultimate reality) and I have no difficulty admitting that ultimate reality is beyond my comprehension. I just don't have any desire to worship what is beyond my comprehension.

    We can all point to examples of individual atheists or theists saying or writing silly things. However, I am not aware of any well regarded atheist or humanist who has ever told anyone "what to do". Example(s) please.

    The slogan "Just be good for goodness' sake" is not a command. It is simply an exhortation for motives to be pure of divine commands. If the only reason someone is good to others is because they don't want to fry for eternity, I don't want them as my neighbour.

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  6. Look why do people say that god tells us what to do when the truth is that people do what they want. Prisons are full of people who believe in god. Why are they there if god controls them and doesn't allow them to be "free thinkers"?

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  7. What are you basing "what is good" on as you only have moral relativism" your idea of being good may not agree with mine Why i should not be bad for badness sake? it may be goodness to me but you may think it bad. Does an atheist condemn certain actions because they are immoral or are certain actions immoral because an atheist decided to condemn them? On what are your ideas of being good or bad premised uopn, on what foundation.
    If you say helping other people is good and harming them is bad thats an assertion not a premise. I on the other hand can say why its bad unlike an atheist. If were just random collections of atoms formed by pure chance then there can be foundation to base your assertions on. Why is wrong to kill people if your stronger and better than them and they anger you? why is wrong to steal, you can't say because "its bad" because that's a mere assertion with no premise to base that assertion on, no foundation, only subjective morality.
    Christians on the hand do have objective morality from God from beyond the subjective mind of man.

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  8. Andrew, calling your God's morality "objective" does not make it so. Even if there is a God, his morality is clearly subjective - read the Bible my friend.

    I define good as that which is beneficial and I define bad as that which is not beneficial. Making that determination requires a subject. From the perspective of a human subject, absence of sickness is good and presence of sickness is bad. From the perspective of a parasite which would flourish at the expense of a human, you can likely reverse what is good and bad.

    Surely you don't need a god(s) to tell you that it is (generally) wrong to kill and steal. Hundreds of thousands of years of human evolution have resulted in modern societies that frown on this type of anti-social behavior If you do need a deity to tell you that murder and stealing are wrong, god help you.

    Is stealing wrong if the purpose is to feed someone who is starving?

    Is killing an innocent wrong if the result will be to save a hundred innocents? A million?

    Is lying wrong when a Nazi asks whether you are harboring Jews in your basement (and you are harboring them)?

    When is it wrong and when is it right to abort a human fetus?

    If your God has ready-made answers to these and many more ethical dilemmas that continue to stump the world's best and brightest moral philosophers, I would love to hear them.

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  9. I address this to you Atheist Missionary. You have brought up excellent examples of where one could possibly go against the absolute morals of God and be justified in doing so. However if you can see that these examples are reasonable exceptions to these questions then what makes you think that an all-knowing god would not be able to also make the same distinctions. My ultimate point is this, do you really expect god to enumerate every situation that one might come across and it's solution along with it?

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  10. do you really expect god to enumerate every situation that one might come across and it's solution along with it?

    No, because I am not aware of any evidence that god (at least a god that actively intervenes in the world) exists. If you are aware of demonstrable evidence to the contrary, please let me know.

    What the are the "absolute morals of God"? By all means, please elaborate.

    Do the "absolute morals" tell me if homosexuals can adopt children?

    Do the "absolute morals" tell me whether a dying person, still possessed of their mental faculties, should be permitted euthanasia?

    Do the "absolute morals" tell me if contraception should be outlawed?

    Do the "absolute morals" tell me how to decide who gets thrown out of a liferaft if there are 20 passengers, the raft is sinking and someone has to go?

    Do the "absolute morals" tell me if eating animal products is wrong?

    Do the "absolute morals" tell me if factory farming is wrong?

    Do the "absolute morals" inform me as to if (and, if so, how much) I should give to the poor and how much I should retain for my own enjoyment?

    Basically, how do the "absolute morals" assist me in making the ethical decisions I face every day?

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  11. As anyone who has seriously looked at this argument knows there is no demonstrable evidence that a god exists. However there is not conclusive evidence to say that he does not exist as well. I admit however that most things that were attributed to god in the past now have been beautifully explained through science. I asked that first question simply to know what you thought a god should do. For example should he tell us everything that we should do in every situation or should he allow us to think for ourselves and reason through as best we can through the dilemmas we come across? Your answer that you are unaware of a god who actively intervenes doesn't really answer my question to you.

    The reason I use "absolute morals" is because you asked those questions as if you thought that there is only one answer to each of them. I view absolute morals as morals that are invariable and make all moral decisions black and white. Sorry for the confusion.

    Anyways I like the blog and the open dialogue.

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  12. If the Judeo-Christian god exists, about all we can say about His morality is that he is a misogynist, homophobe and would prefer that we treat our neighbours peaceably (most of the time). of course, evolution by natural selection can explain why men naturally dominate women (at least in pre-modern periods), cross-cultural(but not universal) aversion to homosexuality and the beneficial nature of the Golden Rule.

    If the Judeo-Christian hell exists, God is nastier than anything Clive Barker's worst nightmare can conceive.

    I view absolute morals as morals that are invariable and make all moral decisions black and white. Sure but I repeat that making a moral judgment, by necessity, requires a subjective determination. If someone suggests that because the determination is made by a deity that they are going to call it "objective" or 'absolute", they are just playing with semantics. I could say the same about the moral precepts of Dr. Seuss which, I should add, I find much more commendable than much of what I find in the Bible.

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  13. Okay Christ said to treat our neighbors like unto ourselves that this is the second great commandment. The obviously being to worship god and not put any others before him etc. So if treating your neighbors well is the second great commandment than we should follow that one instead of all the passages that refer to slavery, homophobia, and other maladies. However all this being said I am not a person that believes that our morals come from the bible since most people can read the bible and know what is good in it and what is bad without the bible telling them what is good or bad.

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